Cook the pasta: Boil pasta in salted water according to package directions until al dente. Drain and rinse under cold water to cool.
Prepare the chicken: Season chicken with olive oil, garlic powder, paprika, salt, and pepper.
Cook chicken: Grill or pan-sear for about 5–6 minutes per side, until golden and cooked through. Let rest, then slice into strips or cubes.
Make the dressing: In a small bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, Parmesan, Dijon mustard, lemon juice, Worcestershire sauce, garlic, and anchovy paste. Season to taste.
Assemble the salad: In a large bowl, combine cooled pasta, chicken, chopped romaine, cherry tomatoes, and Parmesan cheese.
Add dressing: Pour Caesar dressing over the salad and toss gently to coat everything evenly.
Add croutons: Just before serving, sprinkle croutons on top for crunch.