Preheat Oven: Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line baking sheets with parchment paper.
Mix Dry Ingredients: In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
Cream Butter and Sugars: In a large bowl, beat softened butter, granulated sugar, and brown sugar until light and fluffy.
Add Eggs and Vanilla: Beat in eggs one at a time, then add vanilla extract.
Combine Dry and Wet Ingredients: Gradually mix in the dry ingredients until just combined. Fold in chocolate chips.
Form Cookie Dough Balls: Scoop 2 tbsp of dough and flatten slightly in your hand. Place one unwrapped caramel candy in the center and fold dough around it, sealing completely.
Bake the Cookies: Place cookies on prepared baking sheets, 2 inches apart. Bake for 12–15 minutes, until edges are lightly golden and the cookie is set but still soft in the center.
Add Sea Salt: Immediately after baking, sprinkle a tiny pinch of coarse sea salt on top of each cookie.
Cool: Let cookies cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.