Step 1: Prepare the Aromatic Base : Heat vegetable oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add onion, sauté for about 3–4 minutes until soft and translucent. Stir in garlic and ginger, cooking for 1 minute until fragrant.
Step 2: Add Curry Paste and Spices : Stir in the Thai red curry paste and chili flakes (if using). Cook for 1–2 minutes, stirring constantly, to release the oils and deepen the flavor.
Step 3: Combine the Broth and Coconut Milk : Pour in the vegetable broth and coconut milk, stirring until well blended. Bring the mixture to a gentle simmer.
Step 4: Add Peanut Butter and Seasonings : Whisk in peanut butter, soy sauce, lime juice, and brown sugar. Stir until the peanut butter dissolves completely into the soup, creating a smooth, creamy texture.
Step 5: Add Vegetables : Add bell pepper and carrots, simmer for 5–7 minutes until tender but still vibrant. Stir in spinach or bok choy in the last 2 minutes to wilt gently.
Step 6: Adjust Seasoning : Taste and adjust flavor balance: Add more lime juice for brightness. Add soy sauce for saltiness. Add chili paste for more heat.
Step 7: Serve Hot : Ladle the soup into bowls, top with crushed peanuts, cilantro, lime wedges, and a sprinkle of chili or green onions.